Definition, content and objectives of Swiss neutrality
Notes on Swiss neutrality II
ro. Basically, neutrality means that a state does not participate in a war between other states. The term comes from the Latin “neuter”, meaning “neither of the two”. In the 16th century, this developed into the definition: “Not belonging to any (warring) party.” The neutral party needs a line of communication with all parties to the conflict. It always focuses on the conflict and aims to restore peace. In this sense, examples of neutrality can be found in the Old Testament, in Greek and Roman antiquity, in the Middle Ages and in early modern times, both in Europe and worldwide.
Switzerland has practised neutrality since the early modern period and has contributed significantly to shaping its substance. Looking back, the history of Swiss neutrality is a success story for the country, Europe and the world, even if there have been repeated breaks and contradictions. Over time, the citizens of Switzerland have had to repeatedly reassert the value of neutrality, thereby securing the country’s existence and keeping war at bay. Other countries did not always view Swiss neutrality with sympathy. However, Switzerland’s humanitarian commitment often significantly mitigated such criticism. This commitment was particularly evident in the work of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the Good Offices. History shows that the central goal was to maintain internal and external peace and the common good. •
Important consultation on the neutrality initiative
The Foreign Affairs Committee of the National Council has decided to hold a consultation on the direct counterproposal to the neutrality initiative, as adopted by the Council of States on 19 June 2025. The consultation period began on 23 September 2025 and ends on 23 December 2025. Every eligible voter can express their opinion in a consultation procedure. It is important that as many people as possible now submit their comments in writing. All comments will be published on the federal government’s website. The direct counterproposal seeks to delete two important sections of the neutrality initiative, namely that
- one, Switzerland should not join any military or defence alliance, and
- two, Switzerland does not participate in military conflicts between third countries, nor does it take non-military coercive measures against countries at war.
These two sections are essential for Switzerland’s continued existence. Switzerland must not continue to move closer to the NATO and must reject sanctions in future, all of which are contrary to international law. For these reasons, the direct counterproposal should be rejected and the initiative fully supported. Only in this way can Switzerland regain its credibility and reliability in terms of neutrality.
Consultation documents available at https://fedlex.data.admin.ch/eli/dl/proj/2025/81/cons_1
Dr phil. René Roca,
Research Institute for Direct Democracy, info@fidd.ch, www.fidd.ch